Insulin porcine isophane
Insulin porcine isophane vials and cartridges sold for use with Autopen Classic pens, contain
isophane insulin obtained from pig’s pancreas, is used to treat diabetes. Individuals with
diabetes are deficient or can’t produce have a hormone made in the pancreas called insulin.
Insulin is a hormone, that is responsible for the control of blood sugar. Patients with type 1
diabetes inject insulin to control the glucose amounts in their bloodstream and are a
replacement for natural insulin. This enables peoples with diabetes to achieve normal blood
glucose levels. It is intermediate-acting insulin, which when injected under the skin, starts to
work in 2 hours and its effects last for 18 to 24 hours. In the background, it controls blood
glucose throughout the day.
Insulin porcine isophane is sold under the brand names Hypurin porcine among others.
Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft filed patents in the EU and US in 1974 and 1981 for the preparation
of human insulin from pig insulin. It also manufactured by other companies around the world like
Wockhardt in India.
Dosage and Administration
Insulin porcine isophane is sold as a Suspension for injection in 100 IU per ml.
Insulin porcine isophane is usually injected subcutaneously but if needed it can be given
intramuscularly. It has rapid onset of action and provides sugar control within 2 hours after
administration and overall duration of 18-24 hours, with peak effect between 6 and 12 hours
after administration. The site of injection has to be rotated in the same area to reduce the risk of
lipodystrophy and cutaneous amyloidosis.
The price of Insulin porcine isophane
In the USA, the price of one vial of 100IU/ml costs around $88 per vial. however, this medicine
is significantly cheaper in India, where 40IU/ml costs only around USD 1.9.
How does it work?
Insulin binds itself specifically to the insulin receptor. The insulin receptor is a heterotetrameric
protein, that has two extracellular alpha units and two transmembrane beta units. The binding
action of the alpha subunit of IR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity, which is intrinsic to the
beta subunit of the receptor. Once bound, the receptor can autophosphorylate and
phosphorylate numerous intracellular substrates, which include insulin receptor substrates
proteins namely, Cbl, APS, Shc, and Gab 1. Once activated, these proteins, activate
downstream signaling molecules including Akt and PI3 kinase. Akt regulates the glucose
transporter 4 and protein kinase C, which play a vital role in human metabolism.
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