Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine is a medication primarily used as a decongestant, to dilate the pupil, to
increase blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids. Phenylephrine relieves nasal
discomfort caused by colds, allergies, and hay fever. It is also used to relieve sinus
congestion and pressure. While it is marketed as a decongestant, taken by mouth at
recommended doses it is of unclear benefit for hay fever. When applied to the eye, it can
treat uveitis and wide-angle glaucoma. It can also dilate the pupil of the eye.
Phenylephrine sold under the brand names Sudafed PE Congestion, Neo-Synephrine,
Biorphen, Nasop to name a few.
Bayer pharma is the current assignee of one of the patents filed with the FDA and was
granted the approval in 2015. Effects of phenylephrine were first described in the 1930s, and
it was first used to maintain Blood Pressure during spinal anesthesia Phenylephrine was
patented in 1927 and came into medical use in 1938. It is sold as a generic medication.
The price of Phenylephrine
In the United Kingdom the injectable formulation costs the NHS £4 per vial. In the USA, the
consumers have to pay an average retail price of $9.07 for a supply of 36 tablets of 10 mg.
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Phenylephrine’s commercially sold formulations include nasal jelly, nasal drops, and nasal
spray and as well as immediate release oral tablets or gelatin capsules. Phenylephrine can
be taken by mouth, given by injection into a vein or muscle, or applied to the skin. While
treating for Sinus Congestion, the recommended dose is 10 mg every 4 hours and with
maximum dose not to exceed 60 mg per day. The treatment of Hypotension, Usual Adult
Dose for Perioperative patients undergoing surgery is 50 to 250 mcg by intravenous bolus
with a maintenance dose of 0.5 to 1.4 mcg per kg per min by intravenous continuous
infusion. In treating for Shock, the usual adult dose for Perioperative dosing is 50 to 250 mcg
by intravenous bolus with a maintenance dose is 0.5 to 1.4 mcg/kg. in the treating nasal
congestion the Usual Adult Dose is 10 mg orally every 4 hours and the Pediatric Dose for
Nasal Congestion in kids, 12 years and older is 10 mg orally every 4 hours.
How does Phenylephrine work?
Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic drug. These drugs work by mimicking the actions of
epinephrine also known as adrenaline or norepinephrine. Phenylephrine selectively binds to
alpha-1 receptors causing blood vessels to constrict. Phenylephrine is used to get temporary
relief from stuffy nose, sinus, and ear symptoms caused by the common cold, flu, allergies,
or other breathing illnesses. It works by decreasing swelling in the nose and ears, thereby
lessening discomfort and making it easier to breathe.
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