Erythromycin
Erythromycin is an macrolide antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria. These
infections occur in the respiratory tract, causing bronchitis, pneumonia, Legionnaires' disease,
and pertussis also known as whooping cough, diphtheria, a serious infection in the throat and
sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including syphilis, and also in treating infections
affecting ear, intestines, female reproductive system, urinary tract, and skin. It also is used to
prevent recurrent rheumatic fever. It is also prescribed to pregnant women to prevent Group
B streptococcal infection in the newborn. Erythromicin is efficient in treating the four
medically significant bacteria responsible for causing infections of the skin and upper
respiratory tract, including Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Haemophilus and
Corynebacterium genera.
Eli Lilly’s Filipino scientist Abelardo B. Aguilar, first managed to isolate erythromycin from
the metabolic products of a strain of Streptomyces erythreus in 1949. It was first isolated
from the bacteria Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Lilly filed for patent protection on the
compound which was granted in 1953. The World Health Organization classifies it as
critically important for human medicine. It is available as a generic medication and is one of
the relatively cheaper medicines treating similar nature of infections.
Dosage and forms
Erythromycin is sold as, enteric-coated & non-enteric-coated tablets, slow-release capsules,
oral suspensions, ophthalmic solutions, ointments, gels, and injections. It can be given
intravenously or by mouth and the eye ointment is routinely recommended in newborns to
prevent any eye infections occurring. Normal adult dosage is taken with or without food
every 6 hours (four times a day), every 8 hours (three times a day), or every 12 hours (twice a
day). It is prescribed as a course, so the full course is to taken and then a doctor will examine
to decide to continue or stop the medication.
The cost of Erythromycin
It is available as a generic medication and has been inexpensive for many years. In the United
States in 2014 the price increased to seven dollars per tablet, whereas the 0.5% ointment costs
USD3.3, and Suspended oral powder 400mg costs USD2.8. In India, the same price for a
500mg costs USD0.13.
How does Erythromycin work?
Erythromycin displays inhibit the growth of bacteria, especially at higher concentrations. By
binding to a specific subunit of the bacterial rRNA complex, it can stop protein synthesis and
subsequent structure and function processes, critical for life or replication of the infection. It
works by interfering with the production of functionally useful proteins, which form the
foundation of this antimicrobial action.
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