Dextromethorphan is a synthetic, methylated dextrorotary analogue of levorphanol, a substance related to codeine and a non – opioid derivative of morphine. Dextromethorphan exhibits antitussive activity. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and is used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.
This medication can be used to treat minor throat infections that cause coughs without phlegm such as the flu and the common cold. Dextromethorphan is not prescribed for long term infections and problems of air passages.
Dextromethorphan is available as over-the- counter products and mixture products.
Dextromethorphan is marketed by manufacturers under the Brand name of Benylin DM, Balminil DM, Bronchophan and Delsym to name a few. This medication is available in the US without a prescription and is sometimes abused as a recreational drug. Dextromethorphan is an ingredient in more than 125 nonprescription cough and cold medications, including Vicks, Coricidin. Robitussin.
Nonprescription cough and cold combination products, including products that contain dextromethorphan can cause serious side effects or death in young children. It should not be given to children younger than 4 years of age. To prevent and reduce the misuse of cough and cold products in children, over the counter cough and cold products are labeled as “Do not use in children under 4 years of age”. And one should follow the package directions carefully before administration, if it is used above 4 years of age.
Dextromethorphan is available in the form of a chewable tablet, a liquid-filled capsule, suspension, gel, syrup, lozenge, a solution (liquid) and dissolving strips which are administered orally. It is usually taken every 4 - 12 hours as needed. The dosage consideration of liquid and syrup for adults are 10 – 20 mg taken orally for every 4 hours and for gel and strips the dosage of 30mg orally for every 6-8 hours, not exceeding 120 mg per day.
The recommended dose for Liquid / Syrup for children with an age group of 4-6 years is 7.5 mg every 6-8 hours, not exceeding 30 mg per day and children with age group 6-12 years, the recommended dose is 15 mg orally 6-8 hours not exceeding 60 mg per day.
Dextromethorphan should be stored in tight, light resistant containers at a controlled room temperature, 25° C (77° F), excursions permitted to 15° C - 30° C (59° F - 86° F).
Wholesale Price of Dextromethorphan
The wholesale price of 30 mg/5 mL dextromethorphan oral suspension is available for a price range of $ 7.50 - $ 14.86 for a quantity of 89 milliliters with a per unit cost of $0.08 - $0.17. The per unit cost of dextromethorphan chewable tablet comes at $ 0.27
Dextromethorphan - Mechanism of Action
Dextromethorphan exhibits antitussive activity. This agent crosses the blood-brain-barrier and activates sigma opioid receptors on the cough center in the central nervous system, thereby suppressing the cough reflex.
Dextromethorphan is also a sigma-1-receptor agonist with the possibility of inducing certain hallucinogenic effects depending on the dosage and the frequency of use. This property is often involved in substance-abuse disorders.
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