Ephedrine hydrochloride
Ephedrine hydrochloride is used in the treatment of asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary
incontinence. It is known for its stimulatory effects on the central nervous system in the
treatment of narcolepsy and depression. Ephedrine, an adrenergic receptor agonist, has
vasoconstrictive, positive chronotropic, and positive inotropic effects. Ephedrine and
phenylephrine are used worldwide to treat hypotension. However, its use in treating other
conditions has declined with the development of more selective adrenergic agonists.
Ephedrine hydrochloride is an Alkylbenzene, phenethylamine found in Ephedra Sinica.
Ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine is an isomer. Ephedrine hydrochloride is an
alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist, which can also enhance norepinephrine release.
Ephedrine was first described as a naturally occurring component of the ephedra plant,
along with pseudoephedrine in 1888. US FDA granted Ephedrine a type 7 FDA approval in
2016.
Dosage and administration
Ephedrine Hydrochloride is sold as a Solution for Injection in30 mg or ml doses. The
recommended dose for adults and the elderly is up to 30 mg a day in increments of 3 - 7.5
mg. It is given by slow intravenous injection, after the development of hypotension. When
taking the Ephedrine Hydrochloride 15mg Tablets, adults take 15 – 60 mg, three times a
day. Children under 1 year not recommended to take this medicine. For kids aged 1 to 5
years, the dose is 15mg, taken three times a day, and for kids between 6 and 12 years of
age, the dose is 30 mg, take three times a day.
The cost of Ephedrine Hydrochloride
In the USA, consumers have to pay $42.33, for a 10, one-milliliter injection. In India, the
consumer has to pay USD 0.02 for 10 tablets of 15mg strength. In the global ingredient
market, the cost for a kilo is around USD20.
How does Ephedrine Hydrochloride Work?
Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine. It directly acts on the alpha and beta receptors. This
indirectly increases the release of noradrenaline by the sympathetic nerve endings. Because
it is a sympathomimetic agent, it stimulates the central nervous system, the cardiovascular
system, the respiratory system, and the sphincters of the digestive and urinary systems,
thereby has direct and indirect effects on adrenergic receptors. In oral doses, it constricts
the peripheral vessels, resulting in increased blood pressure. Another one of its actions is
also involved in relaxing the bronchioles.
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